Book review

Jana Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 23:405, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880584

Book review

F. Šrámek

Biologia plantarum 23:413, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880586

Book review

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 23:420, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880588

Book review

Jiřina Slavíková

Biologia plantarum 23:426, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880590

Book review

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 23:455, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880595

Book review

Jiřina Slavíková

Biologia plantarum 23:461, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880597

Book reviews

J. Tupý, E. Hadač, M. Kamínek, Libuše Pavlová, J. Zadina, J. Šantrůček, Ingrid Tichá, Jarmila Solárová

Biologia plantarum 23:474-480, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880602

The course of root differentiation from root primordia in poplar stems

Mária Luxová, A. Lux

Biologia plantarum 23:401-405, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880583

Upon rooting of poplar stem cuttiags the total inductive stimulation does not take place, but the individual root primordia maintain a relative independence. This becomes evident by various time parameters of their differentiation. Under experimental conditions, in dormant cuttings from one year individuals of the hybrid I 214 the activation of the first root primordia occurs after 24 h, the pre-emergent development of the roots formed was completed after 72 h.The activated root primordium is divided into two regions. In the distal region with the predominating cell division the root apex with histogens is formed by the action of initials. From...

Effect of different disintegration techniques and media on yield and appearance of isolated nuclei

J. Vlasák

Biologia plantarum 23:406-413, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880585

Cell nuclei have been released from various plant tissues (barley leaves, roots and embryos, tobacco leaves and tissue cultures,Vicia faba roots,Arabidopsis thaliana leaves) by several homogenization methods and the optimal method was established for each tissue. The effect of the composition of isolation medium on the yield and appearance of isolated nuclei was also studied. Longer incubation withn-octanol increases the yield considerably in most cases. Low concentrations of osmoticum increase the yield and their adverse effect on the integrity of nuclei is of little significance. Gum arabic has a favourable effect on nuclei isolation...

Studies on anther cultures of tomato - Lycopersicon esculentum Mill

Gulshan, T. M. Varghese, D. R. Sharma

Biologia plantarum 23:414-420, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880587

The anthers of three genotypes ofLycopersicon esculentum, viz. cv. HS-101, cv. HS-102 and an F₁ hybrid (Montfavet 63-4xHS-101) in different stages of development were cultured in various defined nutritive media. Only anthers containing microspores in the early uninucleate stage were found to respond with the culture medium in the formation of androgenic callus. The DGII medium with 2 mg l^-1 NAA and 1 mg 1^-1 kinetin was found to be best for callus induction but MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l^-1 2,4-D and 0.1 mg 1^-1 BAP favoured proliferation and growth of the callus. The androgenic microspores...

Comparison of the action of light on ribosomal RNA synthesis in cabbage and mustard seedlings

Chia-Ping H. Yang

Biologia plantarum 23:421-426, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880589

We have compared the action of light on ribosomal RNA synthesis in mustard and cabbage seedlings, two of the most frequently used systems for the studies of anthocyanin synthesis. The level of RNA (both t-RNA and r-RNA) "stored" in mustard dry seeds is much lower than in cabbage dry seeds. The kinetics of RNA synthesis in cabbage and mustard seedlings exposed to light are very different: In cabbage seedlings, light produces no apparent stimulation of cytoplasmic r-RNA synthesis, while it does increase plastid r-RNA synthesis. On the other hand, in mustard seedlings, light promotes both cytoplasmic and plastid ribosomal RNA synthesis. Streptomycin,...

Study of selected characteristics of theChlamydomonas reinhardii strains with altered sensitivity to UV radiation

D. Vlček, Svetlana Podstavková, Eva Miadoková

Biologia plantarum 23:427-433, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880591

Selected characteristics and streptomycin resistance were studied in a UV radiation sensitive (UVS1) and a UV radiation resistant (UVR1) strains, and the data were compared with results obtained with an original type strain. A partial prolongation of the cell cycle in the UVR1 strain as compared with the original type strain could be observed in studying cell volume growth, cell numbers, DNA, RNA and protein synthesis during the synchronous cycle. Under these conditions, the UVS1 strain behaved as a temperature sensitive cell cycle mutant. In inducing streptomycin resistant mutants, the highest frequencies in various doses were recorded in the UVS1 strain.

Drought tolerance processes in soybeans

A. Vidal, M. Arnoux

Biologia plantarum 23:434-441, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880592

Fifteen soybean cultivars were evaluated in two water supply conditions, inducing or not a drought stress. Main canopy traits were measured several times during the reproductive period and, at maturity date, the yield components were estimated. Using principal components analysis, the main physiological functions involved in soybean drought tolerance are described: leaf cells enlargement and assimilates transport. These processes could be a good basis on which to define new selection criteria for soybean drought tolerance.

The screening of the enzyme and isoenzyme patterns in seeds ofAllium cepa L.

Věra Hadačová, Eva Klozová, Květa Pitterová, Věra Turková

Biologia plantarum 23:442-448, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880593

The screening of enzyme patterns in seeds ofAllium cepa cv. Všetatská revealed the presence of the following enzymes: alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehyd ogenase, NAD+- and NADP+-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase NAD+- and NADP+-malate dehydrogenase, NADH₂- and NADPH₂-tetrazolium reductase catalase, Superoxide dismutase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, L-leucine aminopeptidase, glutamate dehydrogenase, non-specific esterase, and cholinesterase. Altogether 17 enzymes were detected in onion seeds, nine of which had more than three isoenzymes, NAD+-malate dehydrogenase had 8, and non-specific...

The apical nutations of pea seedlings in relationship to growth regulators

M. Krsek, J. Šebánek

Biologia plantarum 23:449-455, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880594

The apical hook curvatures of pea seedlings are associated with a higher level of endogenous auxin on the lower (ventral) side of the curvature in comparison with the upper (dorsal) side. For this reason this curvature may be reversed by applying IAA to the dorsal side of the hook. On the other hand the analyses did not reveal any differences in the content of endogenous gibberellin between the dorsal and ventral side of the hook. Endogenous gibberellin if applied either to the dorsal or to the ventral side of the hook curvature closes the hook. Exogenous cytokinin benzyladenine closes the curvature only if applied to the ventral side of the hook,...

Visual estimation of leaf water stress inMercurialis perennis L.

P. Eliáš

Biologia plantarum 23:456-461, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880596

Leaf inclination of three upper leaf pairs of a plant was used as a visual parameter for estimation of leaf (plant) water status inM. perennis. Negative correlation was found between leaf angle and leaf water saturation deficit (WSD). Large angles (between 130 and 80-90°) indicated WSD below approx. 12%, narrow angles expressed negative water balance of the plant and indicated usually strong or moderate water stress. The correlation may be expressed by two regression lines differing in slope. Some differences were observed between three leaf pairs investigated: At the same water deficits, leaves of the first pair (from apex) were inclined to...

The changes in metabolic utilization of galactose in tobacco mosaic virus infected tobacco plants treated with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

Olga Makovcová, L. Šindelář

Biologia plantarum 23:462-464, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880598

The study deals with the changes in metabolic processes of galactose breakdown in tobacco mosaic virus infected tobacco tissues treated with a 1.0 × 10^-4 M solution of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). At the time of maximum virus reproduction the plants infected exhibited a considerable increase in galactokinase and galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase activities. The activity of both galactose metabolizing enzyme systems investigated was not affected markedly by 2,4-D, but its increase was induced preferentially by virus biosynthesis.

The effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the metabolic utilization of free carbohydrates in cucumber mosaic virus infected cucumber plants

Olga Makovcová, L. Šindelář

Biologia plantarum 23:465-468, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880599

The application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid at a concentration of 1.0 × 10^-3 M toCucumis sativus brings about a decrease in the activity of carbohydrate catabolizing enzymes in the leaves of experimental plants. On the contrary, in CMV infected plants the activity of sucrase, glucokinase, fructokinase, phosphoglucoisomerase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase are enhanced at the same time. The application of 2,4-D to virus infected plants promotes this effect further, so that the activities of the enzymes investigated are twice as high as those in the control.

The compensation of natural temperature gradient at the measuring point during the sap flow rate determination in trees

J. Čermák, J. Kučera

Biologia plantarum 23:469-471, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880600

The study summarizes the results of the influence of outer temperature gradient on the accuracy of sap flow rate measurements in tree trunks by means of thermic-based methods. Particularly it deals with those methods based on the continual accurate measurements of temperature differences between the heated part and the part with natural temperature, at the measuring point. The battery of thermometers significantly compensating the mentioned temperature gradient effect is described.

In vitro propagation of birch (Betula verrucosa Ehrh)

V. Chalupa

Biologia plantarum 23:472-474, 1981 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880601

Shoot t ps, young internodal segments and young developing leaves ofBetula ver rucosa Ehrh. in contact with agar nutrient medium formed tissue with numerous buds if medium contained a low concentration of cytokinin (BAP) and auxin (IBA or NAA). Tissue with induced buds transferred on a fresh nutrient medium continued in a formation of new buds which developed into shoots. Excised shoots were rooted on agar medium with a low concentration of auxin. Regenerated trees showed a genetic uniformity.