Activities of NADPH- producing enzymes and alkaloid production in catharanthus roseus cells

J. M. Mérillon, J. C. Chénieux, M. Rideau

Biologia plantarum 33:169, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897876

A 2,4-D dependent cell line, accumulating only traces of indole alkaloids under standard conditions of subculture, was grown in two different production media. Removal 2,4-D from maintenance culture medium enhanced the production of ajmalicine and serpentine and increased the activities of the NADPH-producing enzymes: glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme and cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase.Adding zeatin to a 2,4-D depleted medium further increased the alkaloid content but the activities of the NADPH-producing enzymes remained unchanged.

Regeneration potentiality and isozymic variations during morphogenesis of barley callus

H. S. Chawla

Biologia plantarum 33:175-180, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897878

Morphogenic callus cultures were obtained from 7-10 days old immature embryo explants on Murashige and Skoog and Gamborg's medium supplemented with 2,4-D. In the initial stages of culture the frequency of shoot formation varied from 28% to 65%. After 5 to 6 months of subculturing, the frequency of shoot formation was reduced to 14%. In the initial stages of culture, growth hormones do not seem to be very important for regeneration. Cultures from young and old non-differentiating calli, and calli with shoot and/or root formation at different intervals were analysed for isozymes of esterase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase for studying the morphogenic...

Statistical evaluation of data on leaf growth and phyllochron as derived from leaf length measurements

K. Zvára, L. Nátr

Biologia plantarum 33:181-191, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897879

Methods for testing equality of horizontal distances of subsequent parallel or common lines are suggested in this paper. Possibilities of using these methods are given on data concerning spring barley leaf growth.

Transpiration efficiency and apparent cuticular transpiration in some c₃ and c₄ plants

J. Šantrůček

Biologia plantarum 33:192-199, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897880

Amphistomatous C₃ (Nicotiana tabacum L., Datura stramonium L.) and C₄ (Sorghum saccharatum Pers. and Zea mays L.) species were examined to find how (if at all) their inherent differences in water-use economy are reflected in apparent cuticular transpiration or vice versa. Transpiration efficiency (TE) was calculated from steady state photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E) rates estimated for the upper side of the leaf after light induction of stomata opening. Apparent cuticular transpiration ('E_c) was measured as the part of transpiration which was not eliminated by convective counteraction of the air stream passing...

The HPLC profile of proteins of thermoprotection-acquired wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings

M. Gupta, S. Dhillon, H. S. Nainawatee

Biologia plantarum 33:200, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897882

A pre-treatment of 40 °Cprovided thermoprotection to wheat seedlings against 43 °C, which was otherwise a lethal temperature. Due to temperature pretreatment, the rate of protein synthesis at 45 °C increased in both plumules and radicles. The HPLC profile of plumule and radicle proteins of thermoprotection-acquired seedlings was different from the plumules and radicles of non-treated seedlings.

Variation in organisation and copy number of ribosomal RNA genes inPetunia hybrida somaclones

Shirley Anderson, A. C. Lewis-Smith, Maria Chamberlain, S. M. Smith

Biologia plantarum 33:206-210, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897884

The copy number of genes encoding 5S ribosomal RNA has been found to be constant in Petunia hybrida plants regenerated from protoplast and leaf disc-derived callus cultures. However, in one somaclone a heritable change in the length of the major 5S rDNA repeat has arisen. Despite the constant copy number of 5S rRNA genes, that of the 18S-25S rRNA genes is found to very by at least ten-fold. The relevance of these findings to ribosomal RNA gene variability and to somaclonal variation is discussed.

Changes in phenol and peroxidase in the leaves ofJava citronella infected withCurvularia andropogonis

M. Alam, A. Sattar, K. K. Janardhanan

Biologia plantarum 33:211-215, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897885

The contet of phenols, o-dihydroxyphenols and peroxidase activity in healthy andCurvularia andropogonis (Zimm.) Boedijn infected leaves ofJava citronella were determined. As a result of infection, the content of phenols and peroxidase increased two- and four-fold, respectively in necrotic lesions compared to healthy leaves. In surrounding tissue of lesions, their increase was one-and half fold only. The peroxidase activity decreased with the maturity of the necrotic lesions. Necrotic lesions produced in response to infection appear to be the consequence of higher accumulation of phenols and their oxidation by peroxidase.

Analysis of globulin maturation in developing sunflower seeds

E. Ferjani, G. Ledoigt

Biologia plantarum 33:216, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897886

The synthesis of major storage globulin polypeptides has been examined in developing seeds of sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.). Analyses of total proteins and purified globulins, also called helianthinin, by gel electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis have shown that a burst of protein synthesis and accumulation occurs around 10 d after flowering. There is no mature globulin before that time and only small amounts of precursor forms can be detected. Thus, 10-12 d after flowering appears to be a transition period during which genetic information for the globulin becomes actively expressed. Immunoelectrophoresis has confirmed that globulin is...

Regeneration of plants from leaf mesophyll protoplasts of the tetraploid potato cultivars Xenia and Bintje

J. Bříza, Iveta Machová

Biologia plantarum 33:225, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897888

An improved method for the isolation of leaf mesophyll protoplasts ofSolanum tuberosum L. cvs. Xenia and Bintje, their culture and regeneration to plants is described. The improvements involve the culture of nodal stem explants on Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium supplemented with AgNO₃ (7.5 mg 1¹) and Alar 85 (5 mg 1^-1), and the pre-treatment of donor plants for 2-3 weeks at a short photoperiod (6 h), a low irradiance (17 (μmol m^-2s^-1) and a low temperature (20 °C). Regeneration of cell wals was observed within 2-3 d and cell divisions within 7-12 d after resuspending freshly isolated...

Resistance of transformed and non-transformed oilseed rape cv. HM-81 to the infection with cauliflower mosaic, turnip yellow mosaic and turnip mosaic viruses

J. Špak, Jana Dusbábková, Darina Kubelková, J. NeČásek

Biologia plantarum 33:234, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897889

Resistance of transformed and non-transformed spring oilseed rape cv. HM-81 to the infection with cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) was studied, to determine the influence of transformation on susceptibility of plants to viruses. For experiments the non-segregating R 1 generation of primary transformant HM-81-JZ and control plants of cv. HM-81 were used. The primary transformant was obtained by inoculation of stems withAgrobacterium rhizogenes 15834. All transformed plants of R 1 generation had typically "transformed" phenotype. No significant differences were revealed in the resistance...

Leucine aminopeptidase and ferricyanide reductase activities in radish microsomes

M. Scalet

Biologia plantarum 33:240, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897891

A NADH-ferricyanide reductase activity found in radish microsomes isolated from germinated seeds has been shown to be stimulated by pCMB and pCMBS which are both strong nactivators of many plant proteolytic enzymes. In the same preparation a leucine aminopeptidase was found while endoprotease and carboxypeptidase activities were not detected using exogenous substrates. The aminopeptidase, highly active at the same optimal pH-condition of FeCN reductase, was stimulated by CoCl₂ and non-polar detergents (Triton X-100 and Brij 35). It was inhibited by sulphydryl reagents. By gel filtration of microsomal detergent extract two peaks of activity...

IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans: Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and Some Nitroarenes. Volume 46

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 33:174, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897877

Studies of the Magnitude and Nature of Pesticide Residues in Stored Products Using Radiotracer Techniques

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 33:199, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897881

Marten, G. C. (ed.) : Grazing Research : Design, Methodology, and Analysis. CSSA Special Publication Number 16

Miluše Svobodová, J. Santruček

Biologia plantarum 33:205, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897883

Marten, G. G, Matches, A. G., Barnes, R. F., Brougham, R. W., Clements, R. J., Sheath, G. W. (ed.): Persistence of Forage Legumes

Miluše Svobodová, J. Santrůček

Biologia plantarum 33:224, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897887

IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans : Some Organic Solvents, Resin Monomers and Related Compounds, Pigments and Occupational Exposures in Paint Manufacture and Painting, Volume 47

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 33:239, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897890

Errata

S. Pennazio, P. Roggero

Biologia plantarum 33:248, 1991 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02897892