Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2010, 11 (2)
Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2010, 11 (2): 3-15
The paper aims to integrate the results of several studies on the representation of masculine generics in German into a theoretical framework. Although the results are consistent in showing the male bias of masculine generics, they are based on different experimental procedures and stimulus variations, and that makes the cognitive processes involved hard to compare. Assuming that reading results in the construction of situation models and that gender‑related memory content is activated through a fast, undirected resonance process it is possible to determine a common cognitive basis. Possible causes of gender‑related resonance are identified...
Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2010, 11 (2): 16-22
This article identifies connections between the current critical condition of nature and women's position in society. The author describes ecofeminism and situates it within the context of the feminist and environmental movements. The purpose of this article is to introduce the fundamental ideas of ecofeminism, whose underlying principle is a critique of dualistic thinking, and a critique of the application of the logic of dominance and hierarchy. The author argues how this critique is derived from feministic epistemology and goes on to explain the ecofeminist critique of dualistic thinking and hierarchy historically connected to the scientific revolution,...
Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2010, 11 (2): 23-35
The paper addresses the problem of growing uncertainties in the Czech labour market over the past 20 years with regard to the specific conditions of unskilled women struggling to integrate their paid work and unpaid work. The economic uncertainties and growing levels of global competition in production increase pressure for a transformation and flexibilisation of workforce. Actors occupying marginalised positions in the labour market tend to have lower levels of social capital and lower levels of work experience and education. At the same time, these people, including mothers caring for young children, find it difficult to cope with the increasing...
Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2010, 11 (2): 36-47
The article offers a comparison of the development of institutions of care for children under the age of three in France and in the Czech Republic. It explains the differences in the forms of institutions, policies and the level of state support using a comparative analysis of the discourses of childcare that have existed in the two countries since the end of the Second World War. Expert discourses in particular were found to have an important role in the development of institutions and policies: psychological discursive framings had a strong influence on the public discourse, political decisions and the resulting form of institutions. While in France...
Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2010, 11 (2): 48-56
The paper focus on two main questions: (i) who is the initiator of divorces and what socio ‑demographic and life‑cycle characteristics determine whether the man or the woman files for a divorce; and (ii) what are the individual reasons and motives that lead to the breakup of marriages and consensual unions and what socio ‑demographic characteristics (e.g. education, number of children, age, etc.) influence people's perceptions of these reasons? The analysis is based on two data sources: the database of divorces for the year 2008 registered by the Czech Statistical Office and the quantitative survey 'Partnership' conducted in 2009,...
Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2010, 11 (2): 57-61
Michael Burawoy je profesorem sociologie na Kaliforské univerzitě v Berkeley. Uznání získal především svým dlouholetým výzkumem průmyslového pracovního prostředí v různých částech světa - v Zambii, v USA v Chicagu, v Maďarsku a v Rusku. Zastával významné akademické pozice, dvakrát byl vedoucím katedry sociologie na Kalifornské univerzitě v Berkeley a působil také jako prezident Americké sociologické asociace. V roce 2010 na XVII. světovém sociologickém kongresu byl zvolen prezidentem Mezinárodní sociologické asociace (ISA). Publikoval řadu knih, mezi jinými například Manufacturing Consent: Changes in the Labor Process Under Monopoly Capitalism (1979)...
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