Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6)
Values, Modernisation and Social Change in Europe

Introduction: Values, Modernisation and Social Change in Europe

Ladislav Rabušic, Beatrice Chromková Manea

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 693-698  

Value Modernisation in Central and Eastern European Countries: How Does Inglehart's Theory Work?

Beatrice Chromková Manea, Ladislav Rabušic

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 699-740 | DOI: 10.13060/csr.2020.033  

An intergenerational shift from more pro-family norms to individual-choice norms has been taking place since the 1980s. Conditions of economic and social security positively contributed to this shift especially in high-income countries. In this paper, we study the modernisation change on value structures in selected Central and Eastern European countries and compare them with Western European ones and look at the generational differences. We first check whether the value shift is moving in the assumed direction and whether it is copying trends observed in Western European countries. We then look at different generations to determine whether the younger...

The Work Ethic and Social Change in the Czech Republic and Slovakia - A Modernisation Theory Perspective

Michal Kozák

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 741-766 | DOI: 10.13060/csr.2020.049  

The article investigates long-term trends in the work ethic in the Czech Republic and Slovakia from the perspective of modernisation theory. In particular, it examines whether the work ethic in the two culturally similar societies decreased during the years of growing material prosperity and whether this trend originated in intergenerational population replacement. The study uses data from three pooled waves of the European Values Study (EVS) covering the period 1999-2017 to which it applies the linear decomposition technique and multivariate statistical analysis. The results show that, even though the work ethic decreased in the Czech Republic and...

The Expansion of Higher Education and Post-Materialistic Attitudes to Work in Europe: Evidence from the European Values Study

Barbora Hubatková, Tomáš Doseděl

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 767-790 | DOI: 10.13060/csr.2020.050  

The article focuses on the relationship between higher education and post-materialistic attitudes to work, and how it has changed following the recent expansion of systems of higher education in Europe. Using data from the European Values Study on 28 countries with the time frame between 1990 and 2008, the analysis shows that the previously observed link between higher education and post-materialism also applies to work values. Higher-educated Europeans were both more post-materialistic and less materialistic in their work orientations than their lower-educated counterparts. This association was, however, weakened by tertiary expansion. Work-related...

The Economy and Governance as Determinants of Political Trust in Europe: An Analysis of the European Values Study and World Values Survey, 1990-2019

Marta Kołczyńska

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 791-834 | DOI: 10.13060/csr.2020.051  

Trust in state institutions is essential for the stability and legitimacy of political regimes. Understood in evaluative terms, political trust has often been linked to the performance of the state and its institutions. The macro-level sources of trust, however, are not well understood owing to the scarcity of empirical tests beyond cross-sectional analyses. This paper examines economic performance and the quality of governance as determinants of political trust in Europe. The analysis relies on data from the European Values Study and the World Values Survey between 1990 and 2019, covering 42 European countries surveyed at least twice. The modelling...

Attitudes towards Life and Death in Europe: A Comparative Analysis

Edurne Bartolomé-Peral, Lluis Coromina

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 835-862 | DOI: 10.13060/csr.2020.052  

Fundamental aspects of human existence such as birth and death are at the core of our values and profoundly sensitive to our religious beliefs, our ideals as a society, and our opinions on the extent to which individuals may interfere in these basic life issues. This article analyses the factors that explain people's attitudes towards key beginning- and end-of-life issues. To do this, we first tracked variations across two points in time, and then looked at the effects of value orientations and socio-demographic factors in comparative perspective across countries. Based on previous literature, we consider justification for euthanasia, abortion, and...

Trends in Divorce Acceptance and Its Correlates across European Countries

Petr Fučík

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 863-896 | DOI: 10.13060/csr.2020.053  

This study examines how the public acceptance of divorce has changed in European countries in recent decades. Taking advantage of the large-scale, comparative, and long-run measurement of value orientations in the European Values Study 1981-2017 it focuses on value change connected with divorce in a macro perspective. The article explores the acceptance of divorce in three aspects: 1) it measures and compares the trends in the acceptance of divorce in various European societies between 1981(1991) and 2017 and contrasts these trends with the data on divorce rates in these countries; (2) it explores the consistency/correlation between divorce attitudes...

1920 - A Caesura in Social Theory?

William Outhwaite

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 897-910 | DOI: 10.13060/csr.2020.046  

The centenary of Max Weber's death raises the question of the wider significance of 1920 as marking a break in the history of social theory. This essay focuses on Germany and Austria, where the political break with the past was particularly sharp and the discontinuities in the social and intellectual configuration of the social sciences were most obvious. Three trends are particularly striking: the development of neo-Marxist social theory with György Lukács and Karl Korsch and the later emergence of critical theory, the polarisation between neo-positivism and interpretive sociology, and the consolidation of the sociology of knowledge.

Reinventing the Wheel of Social Geography?

Franco Bonomi Bezzo

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 911-913  

The Spaces We Occupy and the Divides We Create

Romana Careja

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 913-915  

The Blank Spaces between Us: What about the Sources of Discrimination, Segregation and Exclusion

Federico Derchi

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 916-918  

Space as a Determinant Not Just of Social Geography But Also of Social and Political Life

Marta Neves

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 918-921  

Jerry Z. Muller: The Tyranny of Metrics

Thomas Barnebeck Andersen

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 922-923  

David Epstein: Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World

Risto Conte Keivabu

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 923-925  

Julia Moses: The First Modern Risk: Workplace Accidents and the Origins of European Social States

Sergiu Delcea

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 925-929  

Lukas Sustala: Zu spät zur Party: Warum eine ganze Generation den Anschluss den verpasst

Frederik Pfeiffer

Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2020, 56(6): 929-932