Hewitt, T., Müller, M.C., Molnár, I., Mascher, M., Holušová, K., Šimková, H., Kunz, L., Zhang, J., Li, J., Bhatt, D., Sharma, R., Schudel, S., Yu, G., Steuernagel, B., Periyannan, S., Wulff, B., Ayliffe, M., McIntosh, R., Keller, B., Lagudah, E., Zhang, P.
NEW PHYTOLOGIST 229: 2812-2826, 2021

Klíčová slova: AvrPm effectors, Bgt, Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, chromosome sequencing, EMS mutagenesis, NLR, Triticum aestivum
Abstrakt: Pm1a, the first powdery mildew resistance gene described in wheat, is part of a complex resistance (R) gene cluster located in a distal region of chromosome 7AL that has suppressed genetic recombination. A nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptor gene was isolated using mutagenesis and R gene enrichment sequencing (MutRenSeq). Stable transformation confirmed Pm1a identity which induced a strong resistance phenotype in transgenic plants upon challenge with avirulent Blumeria graminis (wheat powdery mildew) pathogens. A high-density genetic map of a B. graminis family segregating for Pm1a avirulence combined with pathogen genome resequencing and RNA sequencing (RNAseq) identified AvrPm1a effector gene candidates. In planta expression identified an effector, with an N terminal Y/FxC motif, that induced a strong hypersensitive response when co-expressed with Pm1a in Nicotiana benthamiana. Single chromosome enrichment sequencing (ChromSeq) and assembly of chromosome 7A suggested that suppressed recombination around the Pm1a region was due to a rearrangement involving chromosomes 7A, 7B and 7D. The cloning of Pm1a and its identification in a highly rearranged region of chromosome 7A provides insight into the role of chromosomal rearrangements in the evolution of this complex resistance cluster.
DOI: 10.1111/nph.17075
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