Photosynthetica, 2021 (vol. 59), issue 1
The quantitative proteomic analysis provides insight into the effects of drought stress in maize
H.-J. LI, Y.-F. WANG, C.-F. ZHAO, M. YANG, G.-X. WANG, R.-H. ZHANG
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):1-11 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2020.078 
Drought stress is one of the major environmental factors that limit maize yield in agriculture. However, few studies have analyzed how proteins respond to different degrees of drought at the proteome level. In this study, physiological characteristics and comparative tandem mass tag proteomics were used to analyze the responses of maize seedlings to mild and severe drought stresses in pot experiments. A total of 104 and 464 proteins were differentially expressed under mild and severe drought, respectively, but only 30 proteins were overlapped. Further Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed maize can adapt to mild drought by activating antioxidant...
Light quality-dependent regulation of photoprotection and antioxidant properties in rice seedlings grown under different light-emitting diodes
L.H. TRAN, D.G. LEE, S. JUNG
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):12-22 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2020.082
We examined light quality-dependent regulation of photoprotection and antioxidant properties in rice seedlings. Seedlings grown under red or green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) showed declines in quantum yield of electron transport through PSII, maximum relative electron transport rates, and photochemical quenching compared to the white and blue LED, but no difference in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII was found. Blue LED treatment resulted in greater increases in not only nonphotochemical quenching, but also zeaxanthin formation, expressions of β-carotene hydroxylase and violaxanthin de-epoxidase, and anthocyanin compared...
In memory of George Papageorgiou, the father of biophysics of photosynthesis in Greece
M. TSIMILLI-MICHAEL
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):23 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.001
Dr. George Papageorgiou, former Research Director of the Laboratory of Membrane Biophysics and Biotechnology at the National Centre for Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’, Athens, Greece, passed away on November 21, 2020.
Transcriptome sequence and physiological analysis revealed the roles of carotenoids and photosynthesis under low temperature combined with low-light stress on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
J. LI, J.M. XIE, J.H. YU, J. LYV, E.P. BAKPA, X.D. ZHANG, J. ZHANG, C.N. TANG, D.X DING, N.H. LI, F. GAO, C. WANG
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):24-36 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2020.083
Low temperature combined with low light (LL) is an adverse factor seriously affecting pepper productivity and quality. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms related to LL stress responses. Therefore, transcriptome and physiological changes in Hangjiao No. 2 (H2) and Xiangtela No. 2 (X2) pepper were studied under normal conditions and LL. We found 8,392 and 8,028 differentially expressed genes in H2 and X2, respectively, significantly associated with photosynthesis, photosynthesis antenna proteins, and carotenoids, were enriched in 27 and 40 gene ontology terms in H2 and X2, respectively, and 14 and 16 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and...
Chlorophyll retention caused by STAY-GREEN (SGR) gene mutation enhances photosynthetic efficiency and yield in soybean hybrid Z1
P. WANG, S.Y. HOU, H.W. WEN, Q.Z. WANG, G.Q. LI
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):37-48 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2020.076
To study the effect of a stay-green mutation on photosynthetic efficiency in hybrid offspring of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), the parameters of photosynthesis and chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence were compared between a new stay-green variety Jinda Zhilv No. 1 (Z1) and one of its parents Jinda No. 74 (JD74). During leaf natural senescence, the Chl degradation attenuated in Z1. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were consistently higher in Z1 than that in JD74 after flowering. The decreases of maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, actual photochemical efficiency of PSII, and photochemical quenching...
Stomatal, mesophyll and biochemical limitations to soil drought and rewatering in relation to intrinsic water-use efficiency in Manchurian ash and Mongolian oak
K. ZHU, F.H. YUAN, A.Z. WANG, J.B. WU, D.X. GUAN, C.J. JIN, J. FLEXAS, C.J. GONG, H.X. ZHANG, Y.S ZHANG
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):49-60 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2020.084
The balance between stomatal and mesophyll conductance has been reported to directly influence intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi), but it is unclear whether variations in stomatal and mesophyll limitations (lsc and lm, respectively) affect WUEi during soil drought and rewatering. Limitations (lsc, lm and biochemical limitation, lb) and WUEi were measured in Manchurian ash (Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.) and Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fish. ex Ledeb) saplings exposed to two levels of water stress (moderate and...
Performing gas-exchange measurements on excised branches - evaluation and recommendations
J.E.C. MISSIK, A.C. OISHI, M.C. BENSON, V.J. MERETSKY, R.P. PHILLIPS, K.A. NOVICK
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):61-73 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2020.079
In forest canopies, it is common to perform leaf-level gas-exchange measurements on recently excised branches, often without testing for excision-related biases. We conducted a formal test of excision effects using gas-exchange measurements from cut and uncut canopy branches of three deciduous hardwoods - sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), and white oak (Quercus alba L.). Across all species, excision immediately reduced photosynthesis and stomatal conductance by 27-62% relative to pre-excision rates. In white oak, which had particularly long (> 100 cm) vessels, gas exchange was more...
Photosynthetic activity of Triticum dicoccum × Triticum aestivum alloplasmic lines during vegetation in connection with productivity traits under varying moister conditions
N.V. TERLETSKAYA, V.YU. STUPKO, N.A. ALTAYEVA, N.O. KUDRINA, I.V. BLAVACHINSKAYA, M.S. KURMANBAYEVA, U. EREZHETOVA
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):74-83 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.003
Drought is a key stressor under global climate change conditions around the world. Triticum dicoccum Shuebl is a species with high potential drought tolerance. Photosynthesis is the primary physiological process affected by water deficit. Rapid light curves (RLCs), recorded using PAM-fluorometers, appear suitable for drought tolerance determination in breeding material. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters at different vegetation stages, morphophysiological traits, and their relationship with the productivity were analyzed in nine alloplasmic lines (allolines) of T. dicoccum Shuebl × T. aestivum L. partially exposed to drought...
Exogenous salicylic acid ameliorates waterlogging stress damages and improves photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative defense system in waxy corn
J. WANG, S.H. SHI, D.Y. WANG, Y. SUN, M. ZHU, F.H. LI
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):84-94 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.005
Salicylic acid (SA) is an endogenous growth regulator. It is vital for the growth and development, photosynthesis, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance of plants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous SA on photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system in the four-leaf-stage waxy corn inbred seedlings SY-MY13 (waterlogging-resistant) and SY-XT1 (waterlogging-sensitive) under waterlogging stress. Waterlogging stress negatively influenced the morphology, plant height, biomass, photosynthetic characteristics, and chlorophyll content of waxy corn seedlings, obstructing their growth and development. SY-MY13 exhibited...
Responses of thallus anatomy and chlorophyll fluorescence-based photosynthetic characteristics of two Antarctic species of genus Usnea to low temperature
J. HÁJEK, A. HOJDOVÁ, K. TRNKOVÁ, P. VÁCZI, M. BEDNAŘÍKOVÁ, M. BARTÁK
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):95-105 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.002
Biometrical parameters of two fruticose lichens from Antarctica (Usnea aurantiaco-atra, U. sphacelata) were studied using thallus cross-sections at basal, middle, and apical parts of thallus. The thallus diameter (TD), the thickness of the upper cortex (UCT), distribution of symbiotic alga (Trebouxia sp.) in the algal layer, the thickness of medulla (MT), central cord diameter, and area (CCD, CCA) were measured. U. sphacelata had comparable relative UCT (0.080-0.110, relative to diameter) to U. aurantiaco-atra (0.085-0.130). The relative MT was higher in U. sphacelata (0.240-0.300) than U. aurantiaco-atra...
Heterosis effects on photosynthesis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) hybrid cultivars
H. ZHOU, Y. ZHANG, W.Q. DONG, X.M. XU, C.M. TANG
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):106-115 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2020.081
The relationship between the environment and heterosis effects on the photosynthesis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is unknown. No significant differences for net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration rate (E) were found between two studied cotton varieties Siza 3 and Zhongmiansuo 48. The PN and gs of Siza 3 demonstrated heterosis compared with its parents. The higher the effective photosynthetic radiation and CO2 concentration were, the more obvious the over better-parent heterosis (OH) of the PN...
Adaptability variations and differences in photoprotection of young leaves of two tree species of subtropical forest to the light environment
Z.-C. YU, Y.-N. LUO, W.-Y. SHI, W. LIN, C.-L. PENG
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):116-126 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.004
In the high-light environment, young leaves accumulate anthocyanins as a photoprotection strategy. However, anthocyanin biosynthesis-related enzymes gene sequence is still unknown in the leaves of subtropical forest plants. There are thus few reports on the relationship between the expression level of these genes and photoprotection. In this study, Machilus chinensis and Castanopsis chinensis were taken as plant material in a subtropical forest. Non-full-length nucleotide sequences of chalcone synthase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, anthocyanin synthase, and β-tubulin gene were obtained by homologous and...
Potassium deficiency impact on the photosynthetic apparatus efficiency of radish
M. KUSAKA, H.M. KALAJI, G. MASTALERCZUK, P. DĄBROWSKI, K. KOWALCZYK
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):127-136 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2020.077
Potassium is an essential nutrient for plants and its limited resources impose the improvement of the fertilizer-use efficiency. To address this issue, it is important to understand its roles in the photosynthesis and to provide a quick, noninvasive method for diagnosing its deficiency in plants. The impact of potassium deficiency on the photochemical phase of photosynthesis has not been well understood. In this work, we present the K+-deficiency effect on gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and electron transport chain in two hybrid cultivars of radish. Our results showed that one of the cultivars proved to be tolerant and maintained the...
Adaptation of Amorpha fruticosa to different habitats is enabled by photosynthetic apparatus plasticity
S. MLINARIĆ, T. ŽUNA PFEIFFER, Lj. KRSTIN, D. ŠPOLJARIĆ MARONIĆ, M. OŽURA, F. STEVIĆ, M. VARGA
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):137-147 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.008
The rapid growth and spreading of invasive plant species could be related to their efficient photosynthesis performance. We analysed and compared photosynthetic efficiency of invasive indigo bush (Amorpha fruticosa L.) and noninvasive native Quercus robur L., Alnus glutinosa L., Populus alba L., and Cornus sanguinea L. with the overlapping distribution. The study was performed at two lowland areas at the beginning of the vegetation season (May) and during the flowering period (July). At both study sites, indigo bush showed better photosynthetic performance than native plants. Negative L- and K-bands in indigo bush...
Inhibition of photosynthesis in Melia azedarach and Ligustrum lucidum induced by manganese toxicity using OJIP chlorophyll a fluorescence transient
M.S. LIU, X.H. HUANG, R.J. WANG, H.Y. XU, F. ZHU
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):148-159 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.006
Manganese (Mn) excess is a major abiotic stress for plant growth. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Mn on photosynthesis in Ligustrum lucidum and Melia azedarach leaves using chlorophyll fluorescence transients. Both plant species were exposed to two Mn concentrations (0.5 and 1 mmol) for 10 and 30 d. Results showed that excess Mn significantly inhibited photosynthesis. With the increase of Mn concentration and stress time, the inhibition was more serious. Mn stress impaired PSII at the donor and the acceptor side by damaging the oxygen-evolving complex and limiting electron transport downstream of QA in...
Photosynthesis of grape leaves with 'OSC' trellis and cordon based on data model fitting
F.C. ZHANG, H.X. ZHONG, X.M. ZHOU, S.A. HAN, M. WANG, J.Z. HAO, X.Y. WU, M.Q. PAN
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):160-170 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.010
The photosynthetic parameters of 'Flame Seedless' and 'Red Globe' grape leaves in oblique single cordon (OSC) vine along the ditch and traditional single cordon (TSC) vine were determined using the CIRAS-2 photosynthetic system. The photosynthesis of leaves was studied using the Gaussian multi-peak model, Yezipiao's model, and the extended Freundlich's model fitting methods. The results showed that the correlation coefficients of the three data models fitting the field data were between 0.89 and 0.97. The three models can be used to analyze photosynthesis of grape leaves. In this paper, the physical significance of indicators obtained by extended...
Physiological changes of three woody plants exposed to progressive salt stress
Y. LU, F.J. ZENG, X.Y. LI, B. ZHANG
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):171-184 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.007
The saline character of water imposes restrictions on plant growth and survival in the Taklamakan Desert, China. Experiments were conducted on woody plant species, Tamarix ramosissima, Populus euphratica, and Haloxylon ammodendron grown under different levels of salinity to elucidate their adaptation to a saline environment. H. ammodendron accumulated large amounts of Na+ and Cl- in leaves. P. euphratica restricted redundant Na+ and Cl- transport to the shoots treated with lower NaCl concentrations. Na+ in leaves of T. ramosissima accumulated significantly...
Quantifying light response of photosynthesis: addressing the long-standing limitations of non-rectangular hyperbolic model
Z.P. YE, S.H. DUAN, X.M. CHEN, H.L. DUAN, C.P. GAO, H.J. KANG, T. AN, S.X. ZHOU
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):185-191 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.009
Light intensity (I) fluctuates rapidly and is the most important environmental factor affecting photosynthesis. Accurate characterization of light-response curve of leaf-scale photosynthesis (PN-I curve) is fundamental for understanding PN-I relations at the whole-plant and ecosystem scales. A robust PN-I model should be accurate in reproducing PN-I curves over light-limited, light-saturated, and photoinhibitory I levels, and ideally returning key quantitative traits defining the curves, including initial slope of increase (α), dark...
Uniconazole and nitrogen fertilization trigger photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, and delay leaf senescence in maize at a high population density
I. AHMAD, S. AHMAD, M. KAMRAN, X.N. YANG, F.J. HOU, B.P. YANG, R.X. DING, T. LIU, Q.F. HAN
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):192-202 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.011
Reducing the leaf senescence rate could improve the grain yield in maize. In the present study, maize seeds were treated with uniconazole at concentrations of 0 and 25 mg kg-1, and nitrogen was applied at 0, 150, and 225 kg ha-1 to maize crop planted at a density of 105,000 plants ha-1. Applying uniconazole and nitrogen reduced the leaf senescence rate by increasing the leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate. Uniconazole and nitrogen increased the electron transport rate, photochemical quenching coefficient, variable fluorescence, maximal...
Species-specific performance and trade-off between growth and survival in the early-successional light-demanding group
T.O. VIEIRA, L.S. SANTIAGO, I.A. PESTANA, E. ÁVILA-LOVERA, J.L.A. SILVA, A.P. VITÓRIA
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):203-214 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.013
We investigated if high irradiance imposes stress conditions and differently affects the performance of species from the early-successional light-demanding group and if the costs associated with plasticity underlie the trade-off between growth and survival. Survival, growth, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and carbon stable isotopic ratio (δ13C) were measured in seedlings of four tree species in a restoration area in the Atlantic Forest under full-sun exposure and partial shading treatments. The maximal quantum yield of PSII indicated stress conditions mainly in the full-sun exposure treatment (values from 0.72 to 0.81). The δ13C...
Improving photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activity of capsule wall and subtending leaves increases cotton biomass under limited irrigation system
N.N. LI, F. SHI, H.Y. GAO, A. KHAN, F.Y. WANG, X.H. KONG, H.H. LUO
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):215-227 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.012
The photosynthetic performance of the canopy boll-leaf system (BLS) reflects the material and energy exchange abilities between plant and external environment. A two-year field experiment determined the response to irrigation regimes [600 (W1), 480 (W2), and 360 (W3) m3 ha-1] of cotton BLS physio-biochemical traits. Decreasing irrigation, photochemical quenching coefficient, the electron transfer rate of PSII, chlorophyll, and stomata width of the BLS decreased; nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), hydrogen peroxide...
A comparison of the photosynthesis response to arsenic stress in two Pteris cretica ferns
V. ZEMANOVÁ, D. PAVLÍKOVÁ, F. HNILIČKA, M. PAVLÍK, H. ZÁMEČNÍKOVÁ, T. HLAVSA
Photosynthetica 2021, 59(1):228-236 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.014
The present study investigated the effect of arsenic (As) on photosynthesis and other selected physiological parameters in two ferns. The ferns (Pteris cretica 'Albo-lineata' and 'Parkerii') subjected to As doses of 100 and 250 mg kg-1 for three months, showed different As accumulation, which was higher in Albo-lineata. Overall, the obtained results indicated significant differences between studied ferns. The individual effects of As and growing period on all parameters were very variable. However, As doses generally caused a decrease of net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, maximum quantum yield of PSII,...