V důsledku klimatických změn v průběhu čtvrtohor zanikají v Evropě postupně třetihorní teplomilné druhy rostlin a jsou nahrazovány odolnějšími typy, které pronikají ze severu

As a consequence of climate changes during the Quaternary period, the thermophilic plant species of the Tertiary period have been gradually disappearing and substituted by hardier types penetrating from the north and east. Only in some refuges do the representatives of the original Tertiary vegetation survive. These also include representatives of the Gesneriaceae family, such as Ramonda, Haberlea or Jancaea. All are favourite alpine plants.