Čeština
EnglishDead Rhizophagus irregularis biomass mysteriously stimulates plant growth
Jansa J., Šmilauer P., Borovička J., Hršelová H., Forczek S.T., Slámová K., Řezanka T., Rozmoš M., Bukovská P., Gryndler M.
MYCORRHIZA 30: 63-77, 2020
Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), Mass spectrometry (MS), Metabolites, Microbiome, Necromass, Signal
Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish symbiotic associations with many plant species, transferring significant amounts of soil nutrients such as phosphorus to plants and receiving photosynthetically fixed carbon in return. Functioning ofAM symbiosis is thus based on interaction between two living partners. The importance of dead AM fungal biomass (necromass) in ecosystem processes remains unclear. Here, we applied either living biomass or necromass (0.0004 potting substrate weight percent) of monoxenically produced AM fungus (Rhizophagus irregularis) into previously sterilized potting substrate planted with Andropogon gerardii. Plant biomass production significantly improved in both treatments as compared to non-amended controls. Living AM fungus, in contrast to the necromass, specifically improved plant acquisition of nutrients normally supplied to the plants by AM fungal networks, such as phosphorus and zinc. There was, however, no difference between the two amendment treatments with respect to plant uptake of other nutrients such as nitrogen and/or magnesium, indicating that the effect on plants of the AM fungal necromass was not primarily nutritional. Plant growth stimulation by the necromass could thus be either due to AMfungal metabolites directly affecting the plants, indirectly due to changes in soil/rootmicrobiomes or due to physicochemical modifications of the potting substrate. In the necromass, we identified several potentially bioactive molecules. We also provide experimental evidence for significant differences in underground microbiomes depending on the amendment with living or dead AM fungal biomass. This research thus provides the first glimpse into possible mechanisms responsible for observed plant growth stimulation by the AM fungal necromass.
DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00937-z IEB authors: Sándor Forczek
MYCORRHIZA 30: 63-77, 2020
Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), Mass spectrometry (MS), Metabolites, Microbiome, Necromass, Signal
Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish symbiotic associations with many plant species, transferring significant amounts of soil nutrients such as phosphorus to plants and receiving photosynthetically fixed carbon in return. Functioning ofAM symbiosis is thus based on interaction between two living partners. The importance of dead AM fungal biomass (necromass) in ecosystem processes remains unclear. Here, we applied either living biomass or necromass (0.0004 potting substrate weight percent) of monoxenically produced AM fungus (Rhizophagus irregularis) into previously sterilized potting substrate planted with Andropogon gerardii. Plant biomass production significantly improved in both treatments as compared to non-amended controls. Living AM fungus, in contrast to the necromass, specifically improved plant acquisition of nutrients normally supplied to the plants by AM fungal networks, such as phosphorus and zinc. There was, however, no difference between the two amendment treatments with respect to plant uptake of other nutrients such as nitrogen and/or magnesium, indicating that the effect on plants of the AM fungal necromass was not primarily nutritional. Plant growth stimulation by the necromass could thus be either due to AMfungal metabolites directly affecting the plants, indirectly due to changes in soil/rootmicrobiomes or due to physicochemical modifications of the potting substrate. In the necromass, we identified several potentially bioactive molecules. We also provide experimental evidence for significant differences in underground microbiomes depending on the amendment with living or dead AM fungal biomass. This research thus provides the first glimpse into possible mechanisms responsible for observed plant growth stimulation by the AM fungal necromass.
DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00937-z IEB authors: Sándor Forczek