In the US Southwest, megadroughts are not conditionally linked to low-frequency variability in the tropical Pacific

A hybrid modeling approach confirms the statistically significant occurrence of megadrought in the SWUS similar to paleoclimate records

A statistically plausible series of la Niña events may be sufficient to generate megadrought

Lekima evolves from a tilted vortex to an upright vortex with a high-vorticity core and then to a vortex with a distinct eyewall before RI

Shift of the upper-middle-level vortex to the upshear-left promotes the formation of an upright vortex with meso-γ-scale vorticity core

Convection near the RMW promotes the enhancement and inward penetration of boundary-layer inflow, favoring the circular eyewall formation

Particle size distribution (PSD) of emitted dust appears independent of the thermal stability, contradicting recent studies

The enhanced near-surface turbulence by ABL-scale motions with increasing instability is negligible for established saltation conditions

Air humidity and friction velocity influence the dust flux PSD, highlighting the importance of the soil surface interparticle cohesion

Frequently observed wind profile distortion (WPD) in the very stable boundary layer (VSBL) generates large turbulent eddies

WPD-induced large eddies penetrate downward, leading to enhanced vertical mixing and increased downward turbulent fluxes

These large eddies alter turbulence structures and cause transitions from a VSBL to a weakly stable boundary layer

A sub-selection of GCMs from the large CMIP ensemble is often necessary before downscaling due to several unavoidable constraints

We evaluate models for their objective sub-selection using two distinct approaches that remove the redundancy in 60 evaluation metrics

Two methods develop a similar ranking, placing the high-resolution models distinctively higher than their lower-resolution counterparts

Local formed secondary organic aerosols (SOA) nighttime extremes reflect the reduction of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds

A flat multiyear trend is observed for the regional aged SOA

The regional aged SOA is becoming increasingly decoupled from highly oxidized particle sulfate

The fluctuation of return stroke velocity and the tortuous channel will lead to subsidiary peaks in the electric field waveform

The fined features in the multi-station electric filed waveforms can be used to reconstruct feature points of return stroke channels

Combined with the feature points in the return stroke channel, the return stroke velocity changes along with the height can be estimated

The leading inter-model spread in East Asian summer monsoon rainfall is a meridional pattern from the CMIP6 models

The associated jet streams and WNPSH variations exhibit asymmetric responses to this inter-model spread

The uncertainties in the north Pacific, Atlantic and Indian ocean have physically linked the jet stream and WNPSH variations to this inter-model spread

Soil NO_X emissions from fertilized cropland accounted for 17.3% of total NO_X emissions in China in 2017

Soil NO_X emissions are dominating in the west of the "Hu line" in China, although the absolute soil NO_X emissions in the east are even higher

The inventory of soil NOx emissions in agricultural areas of China can provide better information for NOx emission control policies

Intensity of interannual variability of February surface air temperature over mid- and high-latitude Asia reinforces after 1998

Intensity of interannual variability of frequency of February extreme warm and cold events over the region is enhanced after 1998

Sea-ice anomalies in the Barents Sea play an important role via modulating monthly and synoptic circulation over northern Eurasia