Transcriptomic and proteomic mechanisms underlying cold tolerance in plantsReviews

K. JAMSHIDI GOHARRIZI, S. KARAMI, T. BASAKI, M. MOSTAFAEI DEHNAVI, M.A. NEJAT, M.M. MOMENI, G. MERU

Biologia plantarum 66:240-254, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.030  

Abiotic stress is one of the major challenges facing crop production globally. Abiotic stress resulting from low temperature is a major limitation to crop production, especially in the temperate regions of the world. Cold stress not only influence crop development and reduce yields, but also curtail the efficient distribution of agricultural products worldwide. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cold stress tolerance is important for the development of strategies to manage crop loss and improve yield. In this review, we explore the major molecular mechanisms involved in plant cold tolerance, including recent discoveries on interrelated...

Modulation of tomato root architecture and root hair traitsby Pseudomonas brassicacearum and Variovorax paradoxus containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminaseOriginal Papers

A.A. BELIMOV, P.S. ULIANICH, D.S. SYROVA, A.I. SHAPOSHNIKOV, V.I. SAFRONOVA, I.C. DODD

Biologia plantarum 66:228-239, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.025  

By decreasing root 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) content and plant ethylene production, the microbial enzyme ACC deaminase is a widespread beneficial trait of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), ameliorating ethylene-mediated root growth inhibition. However, relatively little is known about whether bacterial ACC deaminase modulates root architecture and root hair traits. Thus the dwarf tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivar Micro-Tom was inoculated in vitro with Pseudomonas brassicacearum Am3, its ACC deaminase deficient mutant T8-1, a known PGPR strain Variovorax paradoxus 5C-2 or chemically treated with...

Glandular trichomes of medicinal plants: types, separation and purification, biological activitiesReviews

H.M. TANG, Q. JIANG, H.Y. LIU, F. ZHANG, Q. LIU, G.B. PU, J. LI, L.N. WANG, Y.Q. ZHANG

Biologia plantarum 66:219-227, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.027  

Glandular trichomes (GTs) are one of the epidermal tissues of medicinal plants which function in the synthesis, storage, and secretion of secondary metabolites. The active ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials are mostly secondary metabolites of plants. Accordingly, it is of great research value to explore the quality of medicinal materials using the GTs of medicinal plants as the starting point. However, most of the current studies on GTs of medicinal plants are still at the simple morphological identification stage, and there are few studies on the compounds secreted by GTs and secondary metabolic processes. Here, we reviewed the literature,...

Overexpression of genes encoding enzymes involved in trehalose synthesis from Caragana korshinskii enhances drought tolerance of transgenic plantsOriginal Papers

X.-Y. HUANG, Y.-Y. LI, T.-J. ZHAO, W.-Y. LIU, Y.-N. FENG, L. WANG, Y.-C. MA, X.-F. LIN

Biologia plantarum 66:207-218, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.023  

Trehalose, which plays important roles in resistance to abiotic stresses and preservation of biological activity in plants, is synthesized by two key enzymes, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP). Therefore, the expressions of the TPS and TPP genes directly affect trehalose synthesis and stress resistance of plants. In this study, CkTPS and CkTPP from Caragana korshinskii were identified, and the role of trehalose synthesis in the adaptation of this desert plant to adverse conditions was investigated. Higher CkTPS and CkTPP expressions were observed in the...

Okadaic acid did not change the nitrate reductase activation state in tomato seedlingsBrief Communications

A. KOŁTON, V. VAŠTAKAITĖ-KAIRIENĖ

Biologia plantarum 66:201-206, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.021  

In this study, the total and actual nitrate reductase (NR) activity, and NR activation state, in tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum cvs. Kmicic and Faworyt) treated with okadaic acid (OA) was evaluated. Seedlings were grown in a half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium in a growth chamber at day/night temperatures of 22/20 °C, a photon flux density of 150 µmol m^-2 s^-1, and a 16-h photoperiod. After 10 days, plants were transferred into MS medium with 0 (control), 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 µM OA. It was found that the total and actual NR activity increased in Kmicic leaves treated with 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0...

LC-MS/MS shotgun proteomics reveals biochemical mechanisms of Paspalum fasciculatum tolerance to Pb-stressOriginal Papers

M. SALAS-MORENO, M.Á. CASTILLEJO, C. LÓPEZ-HIDALGO, J. MARRUGO-NEGRETE, E. RODRÍGUEZ-CAVALLO, D. MENDEZ-CUADRO, J. JORRÍN-NOVO

Biologia plantarum 66:188-200, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.016  

Paspalum fasciculatum Willd. ex Flüggé grows in mining soils which are Cd- and Pb-contaminated where it exhibits tolerance to Pb and the ability to extract Pb from these soils. To elucidate tolerance mechanisms to Pb-stress, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to quantify changes in the accumulation of proteins in leaves. We identified 323 proteins involved in primary metabolism and response to biotic or abiotic stresses. Although proteins involved in the processes of photosynthesis and saccharide and energy metabolism presented the greatest amount of down-regulated proteins, the plant was able to maintain...

24-epibrassinolide improved chilled tomato photosynthetic performance by stabilizing electron transport chain and function of photosystem IIOriginal Papers

W.-H. HU, X.-H. HU, C. LIU, B.-Q. WANG, X.-H. YAN

Biologia plantarum 66:178-187, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.008  

To explore the protective mechanisms of brassinosteroids in the chill-induced photoinhibition in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), we studied the effect of foliar sprayed 24-epibrassinolide (EBR, 0.1µM) on the gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, and chlorophyll a fluorescence transient in tomato seedlings under chilling stress (a temperature of 8 ℃ and an irradiance of 200 µmol m^-2 s^-1) for 4 d. Results showed that chilling significantly inhibited CO₂ assimilation and induced photoinhibition of photosystem II (PS II). However, photosystem I (PS I) was relatively tolerant...

Leaf microstructure and photosynthetic characteristics of a rice midvein-deficient mutant dl-14Original Papers

G.P. KANG, N. ZHANG, T.H. TAN, Z.M. ZHANG, R. WANG, L.T. WU

Biologia plantarum 66:172-177, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.007  

Midvein is an important structure of the upright leaf of rice, and its normal development is essential to the formation of a common plant type of rice (Oryza sativa L.). To reveal the effect of midvein deficiency on photosynthesis-related characteristics, leaf microstructure, and vein characteristics, the photosynthetic features between the midvein-deficient mutant dl-14 and wild-type Huanghuazhan plants were analyzed. The results indicated that the midvein area of the dl-4 mutant lacked large intercellular space and instead it was filled with mesophyll cells. Moreover, the vein density of the dl-14 mutant was significantly...

Advances in the application of biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of flavonoids in plantsReviews

Y. WANG, P.M. LI, L.N.YAO, Y.Y. SHANG, S. LIU, J.X. MENG, S.Y. ZHANG, H.H. Li

Biologia plantarum 66:163-171, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.014  

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites widely distributed in plants. They not only confer a wide spectrum of pigmentation to plant flowers but also protect plants from various biotic and abiotic stresses. Simultaneously, these compounds also offer health benefits to humans. Significant efforts have been made to correlate specific flavonoid production with biosynthetic pathway gene expression. Some structure genes and transcription factors that regulate the biosynthetic pathway have been identified. However, the diverse and complex control of flavonoid accumulation is still not well understood. In this mini-review, we summarized the improvement of flavonoids...

Amino acid metabolism and expression of genes involved in nitrogen assimilation in common oranges cv. Valencia LateOriginal Papers

S. Fabroni, M. Amenta, S. Rapisarda, B. Torrisi, C. Licciardello

Biologia plantarum 66:155-162, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.004  

Biochemical and transcriptional approaches can provide crucial evidence about the physiological changes which can occur in organic and conventional cultivated common orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. This study aimed to investigate the change in physicochemical parameters, the concentrations of free amino acids and other N-containing compounds, and the expressions of key genes coding for enzymes linked to N assimilation in fruits of common orange cv. "Valencia Late". Two enzymes involved in different ways in N assimilation were considered: nitrate reductase (NR), catalyzing the conversion of nitrate into nitrite, and glutamate dehydrogenase...

Expression of genes encoding terpenoid biosynthesis enzymes during leaf development of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Original Papers

N. ZHAN, L. HUANG, Z. WANG, J. ZHANG, Y. XIE, X. SHANG, G. LIU, Z. WU

Biologia plantarum 66:146-154, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.073  

To reveal the regulation mechanism of terpenoid biosynthesis in the leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, the content of volatiles in eucalyptus leaves and the transcriptome databases of young and mature leaves were analyzed. The results showed that E. camaldulensis contains 92 and 89 kinds of volatile substances in the young and mature leaves, respectively. Among them, the content of 1,8-cineole, β-pinene, and other substances was significantly different in young and mature leaves. A total of 99 802 unigenes were obtained from the transcriptome database of young and mature leaves of E. camaldulensis and 18 441 genes displayed...

Effects of high growth-medium temperature under controlled conditions on characteristics of tomato leavesOriginal Papers

J. BEN SALEM, S. ASHI SMITI, M. PETŘIVALSKÝ

Biologia plantarum 66:132-145, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.070  

High temperatures have become a major threat that seriously affects crop growth and yield. The present work aimed to investigate the acclimation process in adjusting plant responses to high root temperatures. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. Micro-Tom) during the flowering time was subjected to heat treatments (day/night temperatures at the root level of 40 or 45 °C for 4 d) while control plants were maintained at 25 °C, and the heat-stress treatment effects were analysed in the tomato leaves. The results showed a reduction in the content of chlorophylls a and b as well as chlorophyll a/b ratio at both high temperatures....

In vivo assessment of salinity stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing Solanum tuberosum D200 geneOriginal Papers

M.A. GURURANI

Biologia plantarum 66:123-131, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.072  

Transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing a potato D200 gene encoding a hypothetical protein were subjected to salinity stress and assessed for their tolerance. The D200 Arabidopsis lines exhibited increased chlorophyll content, improved stomatal conductance, less electrolyte leakage, lower accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), and a higher amount of proline compared to the wild type (WT) plants under salinity stress. The gene expression analysis revealed that D200 plants accumulated a significantly higher amount of mRNA transcripts of genes encoding three major antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and...

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the AhTrx family genes in peanutOriginal Papers

X. LI, G.J. SU, A. NTAMBIYUKURI, B. TONG, J. ZHAN, A.Q. WANG, D. XIAO, L.F. HE

Biologia plantarum 66:112-122, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.077  

Thioredoxins (Trx) are small multifunctional redox proteins that contain thioredoxin conserved domain and active site WCXXC. The Trx family has an important role in multiple processes, including electron transport, seed germination, redox regulation, biotic and abiotic stresses resistance, etc. Although Trx genes have been extensively characterized in some plants, they have not been reported in peanut until now. The identification of AhTrx genes provides potential candidate genes for studying their effects and regulatory mechanisms in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growth and development, especially under aluminium (Al) stress....

Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in the pericarp of Litchi chinensisOriginal Papers

F. LI, J.H. SUN, J.L. MEN, H.L. LI, G. WANG, S.J. WANG, J.B. WANG

Biologia plantarum 66:103-111, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.066  

Real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is an important tool for gene expression analysis. Suitable reference genes are the basis of accurate and reliable RT-qPCR results. Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a commercially important tropical and subtropical fruit, but rapid pericarp browning is a substantial negative impact on its commercial use. Reference gene validation could help in the screening for genes involved in the browning mechanism. We assessed 15 new candidate reference genes from litchi transcriptome to determine stable reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis of pericarps from different cultivars, with differing...

Regulation of StTCP15 gene expression and tuber dormancy characteristics of potato by gibberellic acid, abscisic acid, and low temperatureOriginal Papers

Y. CHE, Y.-Q. LIAO, X. FU, Y. YUE, N. ZHANG, H.-J. SI

Biologia plantarum 66:96-102, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.065  

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Eshu 10 was used to investigate the effects of exogenous gibberellic acid (GA₃), abscisic acid (ABA), and low-temperature stress on changes of hormone content, expression patterns of StTCP15 gene, and tuber dormancy characteristics. Under GA₃ treatment and low-temperature stress, tuber dormancy was broken in about one week sooner compared with the control group, but ABA treatment did not significantly promote the breaking of tuber dormancy. The results of hormone determination using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) showed that the content of ABA in tubers treated...

PgLEA, a gene for late embryogenesis abundant proteinfrom Panax ginseng, enhances drought and salt tolerancein transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana Original Papers

W.H. LIAN, R. SUN, L.X. ZHANG, T.X. SUN, F. HUI, L. FENG, Y. ZHAO

Biologia plantarum 66:83-95, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.063  

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are important for promoting the growth and stress tolerance of plants. They are widely involved in plant growth regulation and responses to hormones and environmental factors. However, knowledge of the functions of the LEA gene in ginseng species remains limited. In this study, a Panax ginseng LEA gene (PgLEA) expression vector was constructed, and stable transgenic Arabidopsis lines were established. The PgLEA protein was classified in the LEA-2 subgroup. Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR analysis showed that the expression of PgLEA increased under 300 mM NaCl...

Fullerenol affects maize plants depending on their iron statusOriginal Papers

N.P. BITYUTSKII, K.L. YAKKONEN, K.A. LUKINA, K.N. SEMENOV

Biologia plantarum 66:76-82, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.071  

Although fullerene (C₆₀) has attracted great interest as a carbon-based nanomaterial with unique properties, today, little is known about the interaction of its water-soluble derivates, including fullerenol with higher plants. Here, we investigated how fullerenol [C₆₀(OH)_22-24] affects Zea mays, as a Strategy II plant, depending on its iron status. Iron deficiency chlorosis is a common nutritional disorder affecting plants. Maize plants were grown hydroponically, either with [+Fe^II (ferrous) or +Fe^III (ferric)] or in Fe-free (-Fe^II and -Fe^III) nutrient solution and...

Evaluation of the phytotoxicity of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in Chinese cabbageOriginal Papers

Y.T. MENG, Q.Y. ZHAO, L.Y. WANG, C. XU, N.W. QIU, R.J. WANG, F. ZHOU

Biologia plantarum 66:67-75, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.076  

Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), a major component of brominated flame retardants, has been detected in considerable amounts in the soil. Given that BDE-209 is toxic, ubiquitous, and persistent, it may cause toxic effects on vegetables planted in contaminated soil. In this study, Chinese cabbage seedlings cultivated in the soil contaminated by BDE-209 (5 - 20 mg kg^-1) for 60 d were investigated to evaluate the phytotoxicity of BDE-209 in terms of growth, physiological responses, photosynthetic function, and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that BDE-209-induced phytotoxicity was reflected in the growth suppression, the decrease...

Responses of woody plant Dalbergia odorifera treated with glycine betaine to drought and cold stresses: involvement of the alternative oxidaseOriginal Papers

E.H.M. CISSE, D.-D. LI, J. ZHANG, L.-Y. GUO, L.-F. MIAO, F. YANG

Biologia plantarum 66:56-66, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.062  

Woody plants faced multiple abiotic stresses in forest plantation that can influence their growth and development. Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen is a vulnerably endangered tree species, and references about its responses to abiotic stresses are very rare in literature. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the abiotic stress tolerance in plants induced by exogenous glycine betaine (GB) remains unclear. Indeed, the alternative oxidase (AOX) is one of the major components of antioxidant enzymatic machinery, and there are no studies that focused on the effects of GB on the amount of AOX protein in plants under drought or cold stresses. Thus, the...

Selection of suitable reference genes for real-time qPCR gene expression in cauliflower under abiotic stress and methyl jasmonate treatmentOriginal Papers

H. LIN, Q.R. ZHANG, J.S. CAO, B.Y. QIU, H.S. ZHU, Q.F. WEN

Biologia plantarum 66:46-55, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.057  

Cauliflower is one of the most important popular vegetables in China. Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) produces glucosinolates, which are secondary metabolites that have anti-cancer properties. The choice of suitable reference genes (RGs) for gene expression studies has a significant effect on experimental outcomes. In this study, we selected 15 candidates as RGs and analyzed them under heat, cold, drought, and salt stresses and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. The precision of the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction data was assessed using four methods (geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper,...

The Czech Plant Nucleus Workshop 2021Conference Report

A. PECINKA, P. PROCHÁZKOVÁ SCHRUMPFOVÁ, L. FISCHER, E. DVOŘÁK TOMAŠTÍKOVÁ, I. MOZGOVÁ

Biologia plantarum 66:39-45, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.003  

The Czech Plant Nucleus Workshop 2021 (CPNW2021) took place during mid-September 2021 in Olomouc, Czech Republic. About 80 researchers and students working in the field of plant nuclear and chromosome biology in the Czech Republic gathered together to present and discuss their current research. The meeting revealed many plant models that are used to study plant genomes and their organization, and also a great diversity of topics including epigenetic regulation of gene expression, genome stability, telomere biology, or sex chromosomes. CPNW2021 provided a broad platform for establishing new research contacts and collaborations. Here, we summarize the...

Heat stress transcription factor DcHsfA1d isolatedfrom Dianthus caryophyllus enhances thermotoleranceand salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis Original Papers

X.L. WAN, Y. Y. SUN, Y. FENG, M.Z. BAO, J.W. ZHANG

Biologia plantarum 66:29-38, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.061  

Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) participate in a variety of plant physiological processes including the regulation of transcription factors associated with thermotolerance. Here, a Hsf gene DcHsfA1d was identified from carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). The open reading frame (ORF) of DcHsfA1d was 1 368 bp and encoded a protein of 455 amino acids with a molecular mass of 51.039 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.94. Sequence domain prediction revealed that DcHsfA1d protein exhibited five typical functional features and motifs. The transcription of DcHsfA1d was significantly up-regulated under heat stress...

Variability of leaf pubescence characteristics in transgenic tobacco lines with partial proline dehydrogenase gene suppressionBrief Communications

S.M. IBRAGIMOVA, M.A. GENAEV, A.V. KOCHETOV, D.A. AFONNIKOV

Biologia plantarum 66:24-28, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.067  

Proline, an amino acid, plays an important role in plants, and it is involved in stress resistance and development. Earlier, to study the proline role in maintaining stress resistance in plants, we obtained genetically modified transgenic lines of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) with reduced activity of proline dehydrogenase (PDH, the proline degradation gene) and increased content of proline. Transgenic tobacco plants demonstrated greater resistance to high concentrations of NaCl, drought, low temperatures, and heavy metals vs. control plants. The visual assessment showed that the leaf pubescence in transgenic plants varied noticeably....

Identification of TPS and TPP gene families in Cannabis sativa and their expression under abiotic stressesOriginal Papers

J. SUN, Z.G. DAI, X.Y. ZHANG, Q. TANG, C.H. CHENG, C. LIU, Y. YU, G.C. XU, D.W. XIE, J.G. SU

Biologia plantarum 66:14-23, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.051  

Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide that is involved in the regulation of plant responses to a variety of environmental stresses. Trehalose 6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) are two key enzymes in trehalose synthesis and they are widely distributed in higher plants. At present, TPS family genes have been systematically identified and analyzed in many plant species, but the TPP family genes have been rarely studied. In this study, ten TPS and six TPP genes in cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) were identified at the genomic level. The phylogenetic tree of TPS and TPP...

Identification of key genes related to flowering by transcriptome of flowering and nonflowering Prunella vulgarisOriginal Papers

Y.H. CHEN, Z.Z. LI, Q.S. GUO, C.L. WANG, L.P. CAO, H. TANG, J.Y. HU

Biologia plantarum 66:1-13, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.056  

Prunella vulgaris L. have high medicinal and ornamental values. It blooms in summer and then quickly withers, and there is no research on the regulatory mechanisms of flowering-related genes. Therefore, in this study, the flowering (leaves and spicas) and nonflowering (leaves) parts of P. vulgaris were sequenced with an Illumina HiSeq 4000, and 187 387 transcripts were obtained using Trinity software package. A total of 10 158 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in the leaves of flowering and nonflowering P. vulgaris, with 6 294 upregulated genes and 3 864 downregulated genes. DEGs in leaves of flowering and...

RETRACTION NOTICE:
Following concerns expressed by a reader, the Editor-in-Chief and Publisher of Biologia Plantarum have taken the decision to retract the following paper. The article is retracted due to concern over image manipulation.
Cucumber PDR8/ABCG36 and PDR12/ABCG40 plasma membrane proteins and their up-regulation under abiotic stresses
BIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 61 (1): 115-126, 2017; DOI: 10.1007/s10535-016-0679-2 Retraction

M. MIGOCKA, A. PAPIERNIAK, A. RAJSZ

Biologia plantarum 65:359, 2021 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.081  

Cloning and functional characterization of a terpene synthase gene AlTPS1 from Atractylodes lancea Original Papers

L.N. CHEN, Y. H. LI, X. HUANG, J. DENG, C. L. QU, X. Q. ZHANG, B.S. HUANG, Y. ZHANG, L. GONG, K. YU

Biologia plantarum 65:351-358, 2021 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.054  

Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC has been used widely as a medicinal herb for centuries and is now being used to treat COVID-19 pneumonia. Terpenoids are thought to be its main pharmacologically active constituents. However, their biosynthesis remains uncharacterized in this species. In this study, the terpene synthase gene AlTPS1 was cloned and functionally characterized. We found that AlTPS1 was a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzed the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to nerolidol and geranyl diphosphate to linalool in vitro. However, it functioned only in the nerolidol production in vivo by transient expression of the AlTPS1...

Seasonal changes in photosynthesis, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and anatomy of apical and basal leaves of Aristotelia chilensisOriginal Papers

K. CRISÓSTOMO-AYALA, M. HERNÁNDEZ DE LA TORRE, M.A. PEDREÑO, J.A. HERNÁNDEZ, C. PÉREZ, E. BUSTOS, M. SÁNCHEZ-OLATE, D. RÍOS

Biologia plantarum 65:342-350, 2021 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.052  

Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz is an evergreen species endemic to Chile. It grows in open areas or under tree canopy, and its leaves emerge in early spring and summer. The objective of this study was to determine changes in photosynthetic parameters, total phenol content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and anatomy of apical and basal leaves of A. chilensis during the year. Photosynthesis performance was determined by measuring electron transport rate (ETR), the quantum efficiency of photosystem II (F_v/F_m), photochemical quenching (qP), and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) with a fluorimeter. Leaf extracts were analysed...

Immunogold-labelling localization of chlorophyllase-2 at different developmental stages of Pachira macrocarpa leavesOriginal Papers

T.C. LEE, K.H. LIN, M.Y. HUANG, C.-M. YANG

Biologia plantarum 65:333-341, 2021 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2021.048  

Chlorophyllases (Chlases) are housekeeping proteins in plant cells. The dephytylating enzymes can catalyze chlorophyll (Chl) to form chlorophyllide, but the distribution of Chlases in plant cells is still an interesting debate. Previously, we showed that PmCLH2 was a nuclear-encoded gene, and PmCLH2 protein was located in cytosol and chloroplasts of Pachira macrocarpa (Pm). In this study, the antibody of PmCLH2 was made and used by the immunogold-labelling technique to detect the localization of Chlase of Pm leaves at four developmental stages (young, mature, yellowing, and senescent). The transmission electron microscopy...