Increasing aridity on the southeast coast of China from 4.7 to 3.8 ka captured by the hydrogen isotope compositions (δD) of leaf waxes

The abrupt drying is mainly shaped by a more El Niño-like state over the tropical Pacific Ocean during the mid-to-late Holocene transition

Such a shift in hydroclimate might have promoted the development of mixed rice and millet farming on the southeast coast of China

Impacts into ice shells generate melt chambers that viciously deform and sink through the ice shell, likely modifying crater morphologies

If transient cavity depth exceeds half the ice thickness, impact melts drain to the ocean and may deliver oxidants needed for habitability

Draining impact melts form a stable porous channel that connects the ocean to near-surface and may allow for the escape of ocean fluids

Seismo-acoustic observations from Stromboli in 2018 show hundreds of repeating VLP seismic signals without corresponding acoustic signals

VLPs without explosions suggest the slug model is a poor fit for ”normal” activity at Stromboli

We suggest VLPs may instead result from large gas bubbles interacting with a semi-permeable solid plug

We identify extensive meltwater infiltration and refreezing beneath low-permeability ice slabs in Northwest Greenland

These buried ice complexes form where supraglacial lakes or streams drain through shallow surface crevasses into the relict firn

This process reduces ice-slab induced runoff and limits the immediate impact of high-elevation surface melting on ice dynamics

We self-consistently model proglacial lakes that form around the Laurentide ice sheet over the last glacial cycle

Glacial isostatic adjustment increases the volume and lake depth of proglacial lakes during the deglaciation compared to the glaciation

When the ice margin retreated over areas of low-lying topography, ice retreat was faster in areas that bordered proglacial lakes

We nudge winds above the boundary layer towards reanalysis in a fully-coupled climate model over various spatial domains

Constraining winds north of 45N reduces biases in subpolar gyre surface buoyancy fluxes and AMOC at 26.5N

Wind-nudging experiments capture observed phasing of AMOC interannual variability at 26.5N, but underestimate variability across timescales

Marine heatwaves in the northeast Pacific are predictable on weekly lead times using atmospheric and oceanic conditions

Average accuracy at predicting marine heatwave presence/absence is 76%, but lowers to 38% when forecasting their severity

Machine learning approaches should be considered to augment our ability to forecast marine heatwaves

Tropical relaxation is used to test whether the mid-latitude ‘signal-to-noise paradox’ can be removed by specifying the tropical state

This is found not to be the case, implying that at least part of the paradox is due to errors in simulating processes in the extratropics

The results have implications for narrowing the identification of the source of the paradox

A 1600-member ensemble simulation in total for Typhoon Faxai (2019) was performed using a 14-km mesh nonhydrostatic atmospheric model

The model successfully predicts the risk of Faxai's landfall in Japan two weeks in advance

Reproducibilities of the precursor vortex and upper-tropospheric vortex yield good prediction of the formation and track of Faxai

Addition of B₁₂ increased pico/nano-eukaryotes abundance during the illuminated hours and of cyanobacteria during nighttime

B₁₂ amendments accelerated NO₃ uptake by phytoplankton, resulting in increased pico/nano-phytoplankton biomass and primary production

Phytoplankton were co-limited by NO₃ and B₁₂ while heterotrophic bacteria were co-limited by B₁₂ and PO₄

B₁₂ is an important, yet overlooked, micronutrient in coastal nutrient-poor ecosystems