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Origin of cherts in the Bohemian Massif

Cherts are peculiar rocks that contain very high proportions of silica, deposited on the ocean floor from the Archean onwards. In the Bohemian Massif, cherts form characteristic rocky ridges, notably in the area of the Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area and in the southern part of the Brdy Mts. A new study, significantly contributed by scientists of the Institute of Geology, was published in the journal Geoscience Frontiers. It is a complex study of tens of localities with these rocks, revealing that chert formation was intimately associated with low-temperature hydrothermal activity. This was located directly on the ocean floor or on slopes of seamounts in late Proterozoic to early Cambrian times in response to a global change in silicon concentration in seawater.

A unique occurrence of fossil animals

A press release on new find of fossils in Morocco and the related paper in the Scientific Reports journal was published on the web of the Academy of Sciences on 16 December 2022. The study was contributed by Lukáš Laibl of the Institute of Geology. These fossil finds are exceptional in the presence of various species of shrimp-like animals, which have not been encountered at similar sites elsewhere. Some of them could have attained a length of 2 metres. The researchers also expect totally new species to be identified among the collected specimens.

Documentation of a unique site in Wales

More than a century ago, English geologist Edward Greenly described a specific sequence of rocks on the island of Anglesey in Wales, which he called "Mélange" after the French word for a mixture. Mélange is formed in the so-called accretionary wedges – that is, where lithospheric plates slide one beneath another (subduction zones). A team of geologists of the Faculty of Science, Charles University and the Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences visited the site this year for sampling and subsequent analysis.

New Icelandic volcano of Meradalir

On Wednesday, August 3, 2022, the news of the start of a new volcanic eruption in the Meradalir area on the Icelandic Reykjanes Peninsula spread around the world. This happened less than a year after the end of the eruption of the neighbouring Fagradalsfjall volcano. After almost 800 years of volcanic inactivity on this peninsula, we are probably at the beginning of a new cycle of volcanic activity, which will most likely continue in the geologically near future. An international team of experts in volcanism is participating in the research of the new Meradalir volcano, a member of which is also a researcher at the Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences – Lukáš Krmíček.

Conference on Rock Magnetism and Student Award

Five scientists of the Department of Paleomagnetism of the Institute of Geology participated in the conference “17th Castle Meeting – New Trends on Paleo, Rock and Environmental Magnetism” at Trakošćan, Croatia, at the break of August and September. The conference was aimed at rock paleomagnetism, magnetostratigraphy, environmental magnetism, archaeomagnetism and related topics. Conference abstracts are available here, including 9 contributions (4 lectures and 5 posters) authored or co-authored by Institute staff. At this occasion, Šimon Kdýr was awarded the ‘Certificate of Excellence’ for an excellent student presentation. New collaboration was started with University of Chieti – Pescara and the Alpine Laboratory of Paleomagnetism, Pevergno, Italy with the aim to extend research of the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary.

Collision with an asteroid successfully completed

At 1:14 AM CEST today (27 September 2022), American spacecraft Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) conducted the first successful planetary defense test in the history: it impacted asteroid Dimorphos (Greek for “two forms”), which orbits a larger asteroid Didymos (Greek for “twin”). Transfer of kinetic energy by an impact (i.e., collision-induced alteration of the asteroid trajectory) is one of the possible mechanisms of planetary defense. The unique experiment was contributed by Czech scientists and technical engineers of the Astronomical Institute Czech Acad Sci, Brno University of Technology and also by Tomáš Kohout of the Institute of Geology Czech Acad Sci. Further details are available, for instance, from the press releases of the Czech Academy of Sciences and NASA.

Life in Late Carboniferous and Early Permian covered by a new book

A richly illustrated book Late Paleozoic Forests and Lakes. When Coal Was Still Green was released by the Academia Publishing House. Texts in the book are authored by Prof. Stanislav Opluštil of Charles University and by Jaroslav Zajíc, a senior scientist of the Institute of Geology. Figures with original reconstructions of flora and fauna were created by painter Jiří Svoboda. The book will attract not only those interested in paleontology and geology but also students of nature-scientific disciplines.

Lukáš Krmíček appointed a professor

As of 7th June 2022, the President of the Czech Republic appointed Lukáš Krmíček, a researcher at the Institute of Geology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, at the age of 40, a full professor. In his scientific activities, Prof. Krmíček focuses on combined research of mineralogical, geochemical and physical-mechanical properties of igneous rocks. In addition to research activities, Prof. Krmíček also devotes himself to science-promotion activities. This year, Academia published his popular-science publication on volcanoes and volcanic processes.

Otto Wichterle Award to honour Lukáš Laibl

This year, Lukáš Laibl of the Institute of Geology ranked among the twenty-five laureates of the Otto Wichterle Award (see here for details). Lukáš obtained this prestigious award for young and promising scientists of the Academy of Sciences in acknowledgment of his research of Paleozoic arthropods. He received the Award from the President of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Eva Zažímalová during a ceremony in the Villa Lanna on June 20th. For information on this yearʼs laureates of the Otto Wichterle Award click here.

Prize for a book

The Main Miroslav Ivanov Prize was awarded to the popular-scientific book The Heart of Bohemian Karst – Srbsko Village and the Surrounding Landscape (published by Dokořán Publ. in 2021) at the International Book Fair “Svět knihy” in Prague on 9–12 June 2022. This prize for non-fiction books is awarded by the Club of Non-fiction Authors and the town of Jaroměř–Josefov (the birthplace of M. Ivanov). The book was contributed by authors from the Institute of Geology CAS Karel Žák, Václav Cílek, Stanislav Čermák and Jan Wagner. The Institute was also the place where the book was editorially completed and made ready for layout by K. Žák, V. Cílek with a contribution by photographer M. Majer. Congratulations!

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