The introduction ofa layerof endotheliuminto thevascular prosthesis(endotheliallayeris thebest preventionof blood clotsandnarrowing of thelumenof the prosthesis)
Increasing theattractiveness ofpart ofjoint replacements,which are insertedinto the bone,for thebone cellssettlements
The surface modificationhip jointreplacement by EDM,chemical etchingand sighting with ceramic balls
Covering the surface ofbone implantslayers ofnanocrystalline diamond