The department deals with the study of the toxic effects of nanoparticles and fine particles produced in the air in human cell lines and in 3D lung models (MucilAirTM system). The impact of a polluted environment on humans is evaluated in molecular epidemiological studies. Research also focuses on stem cells and their role in the healing and regeneration of damaged tissues. The methods used include: determination of cytotoxicity, detection of oxidative damage of macromolecules (ELISA), changes in DNA integrity (comet assay, analysis of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations), gene and protein expression (RT‑PCR, NGS, Western blotting), epigenetic parameters (miRNA, DNA methylation) and DNA repair.
The impact of extractable organic matter from gasoline and alternative fuel emissions on bronchial cell models (BEAS-2B, MucilAir™)
Air pollution caused by road traffic has an unfavorable impact on the environment and also on human health. We focused on extractable organic matter (EOM) from particulate matter from fuels with different ethanol content. We performed cytotoxicity evaluation, quantification of mucin and extracellular reactive oxygen species production, DNA breaks detection, and selected gene deregulation analysis, after one and five days of exposure of human bronchial epithelial model (BEAS-2B) and a 3D model of the human airway (MucilAir™). Our data suggest that the longer exposure had more pronounced effects on the parameters of cytotoxicity and mucin production, while the impacts on ROS generation and DNA integrity were limited.
In MucilAir™ no significant differences were detected for E5 between 5-day and 1-day exposure, this EOM caused a differential expression of 13 genes in BEAS-2B cells. The expression of five and eight genes differed after exposure to E20 EOM in MucilAir™ or BEAS-2B cells, respectively, when the 5-day and 1-day treatment was compared.
Publication:
Šíma, M., Červená, T., Elzeinová, F., Ambrož, A., Beránek, V., Vojtíšek-Lom, M., Kléma, J., Ciganek, M., Rössner, P.: (2022) The impact of extractable organic matter from gasoline and alternative fuel emissions on bronchial cell models (BEAS-2B, MucilAir™). Toxicology in vitro. 80: 105316. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105316. Epub 2022 Jan 21. PMID: 35066112.
Markers of lipid oxidation and inflammation in bronchial cells exposed to complete gasoline emissions and their organic extracts
We investigated the inflammation-related markers in human bronchial epithelial cells and a 3D model of the human airways after exposure to complete emissions and extractable organic matter from these emissions from two gasoline types. Exposure of the 3D model to emissions from ordinary gasoline induces a pro-inflammatory response. This observation highlights the potential negative impacts of ordinary gasoline, while the effects of an alternative fuel (with higher ethanol content) are relatively weak.
A comparison of production of immune response-relevant molecules by MucilAir™ and BEAS-2B cells exposed to complete emissions and EOMs from complete emissions from E5 and E20 fuels at time points T1 and T5. (A) Production of immune response-relevant molecules by MucilAir™ and BEAS-2B cells exposed to complete emissions from E5 and E20 fuels at time points T1 and T5. (B) Production of immune response-relevant molecules by MucilAir™ and BEAS-2B cells exposed to EOMs from complete emissions from E5 and E20 fuels at time points T1 and T5. Red and green colors denote increased and decreased levels of the respective marker, when compared with the control at the individual time point. ND, not detectable.
Publication:
Rössner, P., Červená, T., Vojtíšek-Lom, M., Neca, J., Ciganek, M., Vrbová, K., Ambrož, A., Nováková, Z., Elzeinová, F., Šíma, M., Šímová, Z., Holáň, V., Beránek, V., Pechout, M., Macoun, D., Rössnerová, A., Topinka, J.: (2021) Markers of lipid oxidation and inflammation in bronchial cells exposed to complete gasoline emissions and their organic extracts. Chemosphere. 281: 130833.
Projects
2024–2026
Renewal and modernization of the national infrastructure for translational medicine EATRIS-CZ